How To Type - Touch Typing Lesson 1: The Home Row. The first principle of touch typing is to always return your fingers to the home row when you are not typing. Then try reaching to the right with your left index finger for the g key. Typing - Wikipedia. This article is about entering text. For classification of data into types in programming, see Type system. It can be distinguished from other means of text input, such as handwriting and speech recognition. Text can be in the form of letters, numbers and other symbols. The world's first typist was Lillian Sholes from Wisconsin. Touch typing also involves the use of the home row method, where typists keep their wrists up, rather than resting them on a desk or keyboard (which can cause carpal tunnel syndrome). To avoid this, typists should sit up tall, leaning slightly forward from the waist, place their feet flat on the floor in front of them with one foot slightly in front of the other, and keep their elbows close to their sides with forearms slanted slightly upward to the keyboard; fingers should be curved slightly and rest on the home row. Many touch typists also use keyboard shortcuts or hotkeys when typing on a computer. This allows them to edit their document without having to take their hands off the keyboard to use a mouse. An example of a keyboard shortcut is pressing the Ctrl key plus the S key to save a document as they type, or the Ctrl key plus the Z key to undo a mistake. Many experienced typists can feel or sense when they have made an error and can hit the . Instead of relying on the memorized position of keys, the typist must find each key by sight. Use of this method may also prevent the typist from being able to see what has been typed without glancing away from the keys. Although good accuracy may be achieved, any typing errors that are made may not be noticed immediately, due to the user not looking at the screen. There is also the disadvantage that because fewer fingers are used, those that are used are forced to move a much greater distance. Some use just two fingers, while others use 3- 6 fingers. Some use their fingers very consistently, with the same finger being used to type the same character every time, while others vary the way they use their fingers. One study examining 3. People using self- taught typing strategies were found to be as fast as trained typists.. In the buffer method, the typist looks at the source copy, mentally stores one or several sentences, then looks at the keyboard and types out the buffer of sentences. This eliminates frequent up and down motions with the head and is used in typing competitions in which the typist is not well versed in touch typing. This can be accomplished using one or both thumbs. Similar to desktop keyboards and input devices, if a user overuses keys which need hard presses and/or have small and unergonomic layouts, it could cause thumb tendonitis or other repetitive strain injury. For the purposes of WPM measurement a word is standardized to five characters or keystrokes. Download free typing tutor software with typing games. Learn how to touch type by following typing lessons. KeyBlaze Typing Tutor Software Learn to Touch Type. Free online typing speed test. This free test measures your typing speed. Increased typing speed is the major attraction non-typists see in learning to touch type. Touch typing (also called touch type or touch keyboarding). Touch typing typically involves placing the eight fingers in a horizontal row along the middle of the. ![]() ![]() The speed of an Afrikaans- speaking operator in Cape Town can be compared with a French- speaking operator in Paris. Alphanumeric entry. In one study of average computer users, the average rate for transcription was 3. An average professional typist reaches 5. This is a common measurement for typing programs, or typing tutors, as it can give a more accurate measure of a person's typing speed without having to type for a prolonged period of time. ![]() Free online touch typing lessons. Touch Typing Study is. Touch typing is a method based. Each typing game was exclusively developed by our programmers for the website. There are 3 types of learn type. The common conversion factor between WPM and CPM is 5. It is also used occasionally for associating the speed of a reader with the amount they have read. CPM has also been applied to 2. PPM (pages per minute). The fastest typing speed ever, 2. Stella Pajunas- Garnand from Chicago in 1. ![]() IBM electric. Using the Dvorak Simplified Keyboard, she has maintained 1. She has been clocked at a peak speed of 2. Blackburn, who failed her QWERTY typing class in high school, first encountered the Dvorak keyboard in 1. She appeared on The David Letterman Show and felt that Letterman made a spectacle of her. Two of the most notable online records that are considered genuine are 2. English text on typingzone. Brazilian Guilherme Sandrini (equivalent to 2. Wrona also maintained 1. Blackburn as the fastest endurance typist, although disputes might still arise over differences in the difficulty of the texts as well as Wrona's use of a modern computer keyboard as opposed to the typewriter used by Blackburn. Due to a slowdown of his motor skills, his interface was upgraded with an infrared camera that detects . In the past, using a typewriter, speed was measured with a stopwatch and errors were tallied by hand. With the current technology, document preparation is more about using word- processors as a composition aid, changing the meaning of error rate and how it is measured. Research performed by R. William Soukoreff and I. Scott Mac. Kenzie, has led to a discovery of the application of a well- known algorithm. Through the use of this algorithm and accompanying analysis technique, two statistics were used, minimum string distance error rate (MSD error rate) and keystrokes per character (KSPC). The two advantages of this technique include: 1. Participants are allowed to enter text naturally, since they may commit error and correct them. The identification of errors and generation of error rate statistics is easy to automate. Deconstructing the text input process. Through analysis of keystrokes, the keystrokes of the input stream were divided into four classes: Correct (C), Incorrect Fixed (IF), Fixes (F), and Incorrect Not Fixed (INF). These key stroke classification are broken down into the following. The two classes Correct and Incorrect Not Fixed comprise all of the characters in transcribed text. Fixes (F) keystrokes are easy to identify, and include keystrokes such as backspace, delete, cursor movements, and modifier keys. Incorrect Fixed (IF) keystrokes are found in the input stream, but not the transcribed text, and are not editing keys. Using these classes, the Minimum String Distance Error Rate and the Key Strokes per Character statistics can both be calculated. Minimum string distance error rate. The minimum string distance (MSD) is the number of . The following equation was found for the MSD Error Rate. MSD Error Rate = (INF/(C+INF)). The following example will show you why this is an important class of errors to consider: Presented Text: the quick brown. Input Stream: the quix< -ck brown. Transcribed Text: the quick brownin the above example, the incorrect character ('x') was deleted with a backspace ('< -'). Since these errors do not appear in the transcribed text, the MSD error rate is 0%. This is why there is the key strokes per character (KSPC) statistic. KSPC = (C+INF+IF+F)/(C+INF). High KSPC values can be related to either many errors which were corrected, or few errors which were not corrected, however there is no way to distinguish the two. KSPC depend on the text input method, and cannot be used to meaningfully compare two different input methods, such as Qwerty- keyboard and a multi- tap input. There is no obvious way to combine KSPC and MSD into an over- all error rate, even though they have an inverse relationship. Further metrics. Using the classes described above, further metrics were defined by R. William Soukoreff and I. Scott Mac. Kenzie: 1. Error correction efficiency refers to the ease with which the participant performed error correction. Correction Efficiency = IF/F2. Participant conscientiousness is the ratio of corrected errors to the total number of error, which helps distinguish perfectionists from apathetic participants. Participant Conscientiousness = IF / (IF + INF)3. If C represents the amount of useful information transferred, INF, IF, and F represent the proportion of bandwidth wasted. Utilized Bandwidth = C / (C + INF + IF + F)Wasted Bandwidth = (INF + IF + F)/ (C + INF + IF + F)Total error rate. The classes described also provide an intuitive definition of total error rate: Total Error Rate = ((INF + IF)/ (C + INF + IF)) * 1. Not Corrected Error Rate = (INF/ (C + INF + IF)) * 1. Corrected Error Rate = (IF/ (C + INF + IF)) * 1. Since these three error rates are ratios, they are comparable between different devices, something that cannot be done with the KSPC statistic, which is device dependent. The second is Web. TEM that runs on any device with a modern Web browser, and works with almost all text entry technique. Wisconsin Historical Society. ISBN 1- 8. 45. 42- 2. November 2. 01. 0 ^Teresia R. Ostrach (1. 99. 7), Typing Speed: How Fast is Average(PDF) ^Brown, C. Human- computer interface design guidelines. Norwood, NJ: Ablex Publishing.^. Bigsiteofamazingfacts. W., & Mac. Kenzie, I. Metrics for text entry research: An evaluation of MSD and KSPC, and a new unified error metric. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI 2. CHI '1. 1 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM: 1. Web. TEM: A Web application to record text entry metrics. In Proceedings of the 2. ACM International Conference on Interactive Surfaces and Spaces (ISS '1. ACM, New York, NY, USA.^User authentication through typing biometrics features^Robert Moskovitch , Clint Feher , Arik Messerman , Niklas Kirschnick , Tarik Mustafic , Ahmet Camtepe , Bernhard L. Identity theft, computers and behavioral biometrics(PDF). Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Intelligence and Security Informatics.
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